Cultural Developments
Scenarios examining alternate paths for art, literature, music, religion, and social movements
What If the Roman Empire Never Split?
Exploring how world history would have unfolded if the Roman Empire had remained unified without the division into Eastern and Western empires, potentially altering the course of European and Mediterranean civilization.
What If the Athenians Won the Peloponnesian War?
Exploring how world history would have unfolded if Athens had defeated Sparta, leading to a different trajectory for Greek civilization and Western development.
What If Dionysian Mysteries Became a Major World Religion?
Exploring how Western religious and cultural development might have unfolded if the Dionysian mystery cult had evolved into a major world religion rather than being marginalized by Christianity.
What If Pan-Africanism Achieved Greater Success?
Exploring how world history would have unfolded if Pan-African movements had achieved greater political, economic, and cultural unity across Africa and the African diaspora during the 20th century.
What If the Printing Press Spread to the Ottoman Empire Earlier?
Exploring how world history would have unfolded if the Ottoman Empire had embraced movable type printing technology in the 16th century rather than restricting it until the 18th century.
What If Epicureanism Became the Dominant Philosophy?
Exploring how Western intellectual, religious, and social development might have unfolded if Epicurean philosophy had become the dominant philosophical tradition rather than being marginalized by Stoicism, Neoplatonism, and Christianity.