Scenarios about 'actium'
The decisive naval battle fought in 31 BCE between Octavian's forces and those of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, marking a pivotal moment in Roman history. Octavian's victory eliminated his final rival for power, leading directly to the end of the Roman Republic and the establishment of the Roman Empire under his rule as Augustus Caesar. In alternate history scenarios, Actium represents a critical turning point where different outcomes could radically alter the development of Western civilization.
What If the Battle of Actium Was Won by Antony and Cleopatra?
Exploring how world history would have unfolded if Mark Antony and Cleopatra had defeated Octavian at Actium, creating an Egyptian-Roman dual empire.