Scenarios about 'opium wars'
The Opium Wars were two armed conflicts (1839-1842 and 1856-1860) between Qing Dynasty China and Western powers, primarily Britain, over trade disputes and the illegal opium trade. These conflicts resulted in China's military defeat, unequal treaties, territorial concessions, and the opening of treaty ports, marking the beginning of what Chinese historians call the "century of humiliation" and fundamentally altering the balance of power in East Asia.
What If China Was Never Forced Open to Western Trade?
Exploring the alternate timeline where China successfully resisted Western imperialism in the 19th century, maintaining its isolation policy and developing on its own terms without the Opium Wars and unequal treaties.