Scenarios about 'shadow education'
Shadow education refers to private supplementary tutoring that exists alongside mainstream formal education systems, particularly prevalent in East Asia and increasingly worldwide. This parallel educational sector often reinforces socioeconomic inequalities as families invest substantial resources to gain competitive advantages in high-stakes examinations and university admissions. In alternate history scenarios, different approaches to shadow education can significantly impact social mobility, educational philosophies, and the development of meritocratic systems across cultures.
What If East Asian Cram School Culture Never Developed?
Exploring the alternate timeline where supplementary educational institutions like hagwons, juku, and buxiban never became a dominant feature of East Asian education systems, potentially reshaping academic pressures, family dynamics, and economic development across the region.